FIRST AID (Shock, Hypothermia, Hyperthermia, Bite/Sting)

SHOCK
What is it?
Shock is when you do not have enough blood circulating around your body. The lack of blood circulation caused by shock is a life-threatening medical emergency, when in shock you need to seek medical attention almost immediately.

Symptoms?

• Pale and cold skin
• Rapid breathing
• Difficulty breathing
• Anxiety
• Rapid heart beat
• Thirst or a dry mouth
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Dizziness
• Light-headedness
• Confusion 
• Unconsciousness

How to treat it?
Shock can be treated by:

•  Calming the patient down.
• Making the patient lay down.
• Elevate feet.
• Make them drink fluids.
• Cool them down with a fan.
• Call 000.

HYPOTHERMIA
What is it?
Hypothermia occurs when the body's temperature falls below 35°C. Severe hypothermia can be fatal without prompt medical treatment.
Symptoms?

• Feeling cold
• Cool, pale skin
• Shivering
• Loss of concentration, poor judgement
• Drowsiness
• Confusion
• Dizziness
• Difficulty breathing
• Loss of physical coordination, unsteady on feet
• Slurred speech, speech difficulty
• Slowed breathing
• Dilated pupils

How to treat it?

•  Get the victim inside.
• Remove wet clothing.
• Get the victim in warm/ dry clothing.
• Get their temperature back to normal.
• Drink hot/ warm fluids.
• Put blankets on the victim.

 HYPERTHERMIAWhat is it?Hyperthermia is when the body over heats, it's pretty much the opposite of hypothermia. You need to seek medical attention right away.
Symptoms?

• Heat stress
• Sweating
• Heavy breathing
• Heat exhaustion
• Dizziness 

How to treat it?

• Re-hydrating the victim.
• Giving them cool fluids.
• Avoid alcohol.
• Remove heavy or dark clothing.
• Go into a cool area.
• Cool the victim down.

BITE/STING (Blue bottle jellyfish sting)

What is it? When an animal of some sort bites/stings you, your body has some sort of effect on it. You need to seek some medical attention.

Symptoms?

•  Immediate, severe pain
• Abdominal pain
• Vomiting
• Nausea

How to treat it?It is important to carefully remove any remaining tentacles. Gentaly wash the sting in sea water, have a hot shower to reduce the sting.

TRANGIA

A- Bowl
B- "     "
C- Fry Pan
D- Wind Shield
E- Base
F- Fuel container and the Flame controller
G- Spondoolies (act like tongs)
H- Strap (to hold the trangia together)

- Always stay near the trangia while cooking something.
- Make sure all the metho has ran out before leaving the trangia on its own.
- If you need more metho you need to wait until you can hold the fuel container in your hand without getting burnt.
- Use the spondoolies for handling all equipment while cooking to avoid getting burnt.
- Cook on flat ground so your trangia is balanced and doesn't tip over.
- Clean all equipment to avoid food poisoning.

COOKING REFLECTION

1. Explain what you cookedJessica and I cooked pasta with a garlic and oninon sauce with grated cheese on top.
2. Was yours successful? Why/ why not? Yes, our dish was successful, we cooked it well and it didn't take very long to cook. It tasted good and we had no problems.
3. Would you cook it on camp? Why/ why not?Yes, I would cook it on camp because it had a carbs in it, it was quick and easy to make and it tasted good.
4. What improvements could you have done, taking into consideration $10?We speant about $8.50, next time I would cook a stirfry because it has a greater nutritional value and it doesn't cost much.
5. Do you think $10 bought you a lot for money? ExplainI don't think it ba lot, but what we made could easily be a main meal because it was filling.

WATER PROOFING

- Small packages
- Air tight
- Only waterproof what isn't water resistant
- Use garbage bags
- Double or even triple bag

KAYAKING STROKES

- Forward paddle
- Backwards paddle
- Sweep stroke
- Emergency stop
- Turning

HOW TO SET UP A TENT

- Flat ground free of stick
- Assemble pole
- Placement 'wind and sun'|
- Peg fly down seperately
- Fly is only part waterproof
- Care of zips

HOW TO FIND AN AQEQUATE CAMPSITE

- Safety
- Allow time to set up camp (before camp)
- Space
- Use established area
- Flat ground
- Sheltered from wind
- Check for hazards -trees (branches)
- Near water source

SCENARIOS

1. Adam is walking through the woods and trips over a tree root sticking out of the ground.  He immediately begins screaming for help because his shin bone is poking through the skin, and he is bleeding profusely.  What can you do to help Adam?
Adam should have a donut bandage. emergency personnel should be called as soon as possible, and try to stop the bleeding in any way you can which the donut bandage is also good for.

2. Megan is building a snowfort with her younger siblings.  It is very cold outside, and they have been outside for about four hours.  Ben, Megan's little brother, comes in and says he can't feel his fingers.  You look at it, and see that it is very white.  When you touch it, it feels hard and waxy.  What is wrong with Ben's fingers and what should you do? Ben fingers have frostbite. You should call for medical help as soon as possible. You should warm up the frostbite on his fingers by wrapping them up with a piece of bandage or some sort of material.

3. It is the middle of summer, Erin and Reba have decided to paint their house.  They put on the radio and their swimming suits, heading outside to paint.  When they are about finished with the first coat, Erin begins to feel faint.  Reba checks her pulse, finding it to be weak and fast, but her skin is sweaty, and cool.  What has happened to Erin, and what can be done to save her?
Erin is suffering from heat exhaustion. She should get Erin to lie down in a cool room with an aircon on and get her to keep her fluids up.

4. Matt is trying his hand at cooking again. He has decided to make spaghetti for his parents, but when he goes to take the lid off of the boiling water for the noodles, his hand gets burned by steam.  What degree of burn does Matt have, and what could possibly stop the pain? Matt has a superficial burn, he should cool the burn by running cool water for 20mins and he should remove any rings/ jewellery to reduce swelling. Also he can cover the burn with a dry non-adherent sterile dressing.

GROUP DYNAMICS

Free Rein- This learership style is more relaxed and supportive. People who are free rein tend to be your regular old Joe. Details are not much of concern, because things will get done. They are comfortable with teamwork and group activities.

What makes a 'good' team member- A good team leader is someone who is open to other people's ideas, someone who is friendly, someone who isn't bossy, someone who is committed, someone who helps others if they are in need of help, someone who is motivational, someone who is inspiraional, someone you can trust, someone who co-operative, someone who has a good sense of teamwork and learership.